Initiatives
On this webpage you will find links to resources potentially available to interested countries as they pursue implementation of measures raised in the Global Coalition discussions, and other related measures, designed to enhance the national and joint responses to the threat of synthetic drugs.
We have organized these initiatives by Sub-Working Group to facilitate ease of review. These global, regional, and country-based initiatives have been shared and are implemented by a range of international organizations that have participated in Coalition. Some represent sources of capacity building, and other platforms for information exchange or international cooperation. Some are pre-existing initiatives while others are being proposed as a result of the Coalition discussions to date.
The goal of this webpage is to facilitate country action on Coalition themes and to foster collaboration. We encourage countries participating in the Global Coalition to review these initiatives, not only to gain a better understanding of what programs exist but to register your respective interest in such a program if it would have value in your country or region. Each initiative or program includes information for a point of contact (POC) at the implementing international organization. To register interest in a particular initiative, please email the point of contact referenced in the text. You may register interest in multiple programs/initiatives. However, it is important to note that an expression of interest is not a guarantee of participation. Implementing organizations will do their best to accommodate government partners in initiatives of interest, based on availability of resources.
If you have any questions, you can email SyntheticsCoalition [at] state [dot] gov (SyntheticsCoalition[at]state[dot]gov).
Sub-Working Group 1.1 - Manufacturing of Synthetic Drugs and their Precursors
Enhancement of the capacity of front line officers in security document examination
The "Introduction to Security Document Examination" course provides trainees with a strong foundation in examination of security documents. Students will learn about the various categories of security documents and be introduced to the equipment used in document examination. Participants will gain insights into fraudulent documents, their definitions, and types, and reference materials. With practical exercises and the opportunity for participants to build on their experience in the field, this course promises a dynamic and engaging learning experience.
Technical Assistance for the Effective Final Disposal of Precursor Chemicals
The objective of this initiative is to provide tailored technical assistance to enhance the capacities of national agencies for the effective handling and final disposal of seized or confiscated precursor chemicals. The focus will be on developing or updating regulatory measures, and integrating best practices and lessons learned to standardize procedures. This initiative involves engaging with national agencies and conducting a thorough assessment to identify key improvement areas, followed by the delivery of specialized training tailored to bridge these gaps.
Safe disposal of seized drugs and chemicals capacity building
Many countries are successfully increasing the amounts of drugs and precursor chemicals seized year on year. These successes have led serious challenges in how to safely and cost-efficiently store and dispose such large volumes of chemically diverse substances.
UNODC’s offers comprehensive capacity building on safe handling and disposal of seized drugs and chemicals. Key elements are the assessment of national disposal capacities, the establishment of a national disposal plan, tailored technical capacity building on safe handling and environmentally responsible disposal techniques including in field settings if required, as well as regional exchange of best practices.
Technical Assistance for Precursor Chemical Control
This initiative aims to provide tailored technical assistance, aligning with international standards, to strengthen national regulatory frameworks and procedures to counter the emerging trends in precursor chemical trafficking and diversion. This initiative includes engaging with national agencies, followed by a comprehensive assessment to identify critical improvement areas. Specialized training, tailored to address identified gaps, will then be delivered, significantly enhancing overall capacities in countering precursor chemical challenges.
Preventing the diversion of chemicals through enhanced cooperation with industry partners
INCB’s activities related to cooperation with industry aim at: raising awareness about the merits and potential of such cooperation in addressing the illicit manufacture of drugs; supporting Governments by developing guidance materials, practical tools and resources, including facilitating twinning between Governments for sharing of good practices; supporting/guiding Governments to map their national industry landscapes.
Training Program on the Detection and Identification of Synthetic Drugs, Including NPS and their Precursor Chemicals
This program is dedicated to empowering law enforcement agents and personnel from related agencies with the necessary skills to detect, identify, and investigate synthetic drugs, NPS, and their precursor chemicals. It underscores the critical need for enhanced awareness and specialized expertise in the ever-evolving field of synthetic drugs and precursor chemicals, an area often overshadowed by the focus on natural drugs. This comprehensive training program integrates theoretical lessons with practical exercises.
Preventing the diversion of equipment used in the illicit manufacture of drugs
In line with article 13 of the 1988 UN Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances INCB proves member states with technical assistance aimed at checking the use of specialized equipment in illicit drug manufacturing as well as identifying and suggesting non-intrusive normative and operational approaches to prevent the diversion and use of equipment essential for the illicit manufacture of drugs. Initiatives in this area of intervention have resulted in technical guidance materials, normative and operational measures directed at both international and national levels, actions aimed at improving preventive control over movement and potential engagement of industry providers.
Enhancement of the capacity of front-line officers to detect and identify drugs, along with the precursor chemicals and equipment used in their illicit manufacture.
Provision of equipment and tools such as drug and precursor testing kits and handheld devises for the identification of drugs and precursor chemicals to front line officers and the provision of training on the use of these tools in the United Nations Narcotics Laboratory in Vienna or in the field
Clandestine Laboratory Training Program
Colombo Plan trainers utilize HAWOPER (Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Program) CFR 1910.120(q) regulations as guidelines to establish best practice protocols for training narcotic steams to assess, dismantle, and collect evidence from illegal clandestine operations accurately and safely. Students are trained in the local narcotic synthesis trends, air monitoring, toxicology of chemicals, physical hazards, chemical handling, respiratory protection, personal protective equipment (PPE), decontamination, and site control.
The UNODC International Collaborative Exercises (ICE) programme
The UNODC International Collaborative Exercises (ICE) programme is a laboratory proficiency test in the identification of drugs in seizures and biological specimens. The biannual programme is provided free of charge to national drug testing and toxicology laboratories worldwide and allows participating laboratories to continuously monitor their performance in drug testing on a truly global scale.
Enhancement of the capacity of forensic laboratory personnel in the Identification of Illicit Drugs in seizures and in biological specimens.
This 5-day course provides hands-on training and practical laboratory exercises for drug identification. Using real samples and following the normal cycle of a sample in a forensic laboratory: from sample reception, chain of custody, documentation of sample characteristics, sampling and qualitative analysis to the interpretation of results and issuance of certificates of analysis. Students will learn about preliminary and screening methods, such as colour tests, FTIR, Raman and GC-FID. They will also confirm their identification using GC-MS. The course covers the essential laboratory skills required for sample preparation, sequence running, and data analysis. Finally, students will be introduced to quantitative analysis using HPLC
Enhancing licit trade monitoring of controlled precursors and non-scheduled chemicals through INCB PEN Online Platforms
The PEN platforms administered by INCB are the only global platforms for real-time monitoring of licit trade in internationally controlled precursors (PEN Online) and chemicals that are not included in Table I or Table II of the 1988 Convention but may be controlled nationally in some countries because of the use in illicit drug manufacture (PEN Online Light). The two INCB platforms concur to the implementation of articles 12 and 13 of the 1988 Convention against Illicit Trafficking by facilitating the exchange of information on international planned shipments of controlled and non controlled chemical precursors thus preventing diversions, promoting joint investigation on suspicious transactions.
Improving precursor chemical and other non-controlled chemical control in Southeast Asia
The proposed initiative aims to strengthen regional cooperative mechanisms related to precursor chemical and other non-controlled chemical control. This will be achieved through a) enhanced institutional capacity for monitoring of the trade of non-controlled chemicals, b) established partnerships between public and private sectors, in particular chemical and pharmaceutical industries, c) support regional law enforcement operations focusing on select non-controlled chemicals and d) enhanced understanding of emerging challenges in production, diversion and trafficking of precursor chemicals and other non-controlled chemicals.
Enhancement of the capacity of front line officers in crime scene investigation.
The Crime Scene Investigation courses introduce crime scene investigation and forensic sciences, and the role they play in the investigation process. It offers a holistic view of the journey from crime scene to courtroom. This course addresses the types of physical evidence, the importance of chain of custody and quality assurance principles. Participants will develop the skills needed to recognize, document, and preserve scenes and physical evidence. They will learn to use and maintain CSI equipment and material, implement anti-contamination measures, record and document scenes, and recover, preserve, document, and package physical evidence.
Enhancing real-time sharing of actionable information related to incidents and suspicious shipments involving precursors and equipment used in illicit drug manufacture, with a view to assist with investigations and identify emerging trends and modi operandi through INCB PICS
PICS is the only global secure online tool to enhance real-time communication and information-sharing between national authorities on precursor chemicals and equipment incidents. It facilitates multiagency collaboration and multilateral operational cooperation in precursor and equipment related matters and serves as a global early warning system for chemicals. By providing a secure platform for sharing case-related information, documents and pictures in a quick and secure manner, PICS also facilitates backtracking investigations.
PICS is available in English, French, Russian and Spanish languages and recent updates allow it to run on mobile devices too.
Enhancing capacities in safe handling and disposal of drugs and chemicals in Southeast Asia
The proposed initiative aims to enhance institutional capacity of safe handling and disposal of drugs and chemicals in Southeast Asia. Prioritized countries are Cambodia and Lao PDR which have seized industrial scale drug laboratories in recent years, together with large quantities of chemicals, but possess no expertise nor experience in safe disposal of chemicals. Key activities will include provision of technical training, advice and equipment, as well as enhancing interoperability among relevant stakeholders that include representatives from the private sector.
Sub-Working Group 1.2 - Trafficking of Synthetic Drugs
Surface-web training to identify suspicious postings of precursor chemicals and equipment used for illicit drug manufacturing
The initiative is aimed at enhancing the capabilities of regulatory and law enforcement officials in monitoring the Internet (surface web) for identifying new trafficking trends and investigating suspicious online activities related to precursor chemicals and illicit drug manufacturing equipment. The initiative comprises capacity building measures (through development of guidance materials and in person trainings), as well as operational support (through targeted international operations and facilitating related investigations).
Synthetic Drugs Detection Project - General Aviation Component
The "general aviation" component aims to increase the quantity and quality of controls on private aircraft suspected of trafficking synthetic drugs.
General aviation tends to have more relaxed regulatory controls and is less attended by law enforcement agencies. This flexibility makes it the right tool for organized crimes and drug traffickers. For several years, general aviation has been increasingly used by criminal groups in synthetic drugs trafficking.
This initiative aims to provide competent authorities with an effective approach to carry out risk analysis and targeting on suspect aircrafts, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the control, and strengthen their capacity in threat analysis through the collection of control data and exchange of operational information.
This initiative also aims to improve the general aviation control standards of countries.
Strengthen public-private partnerships and industry cooperation to combat the diversion of precursor chemicals
INCB’s activities related to cooperation with industry aim at: raising awareness about the merits and potential of such cooperation in addressing the illicit manufacture of drugs; supporting Governments by developing guidance materials, practical tools and resources, including facilitating twinning between Governments for sharing of good practices; supporting/guiding Governments to map their national industry landscapes.
Synthetic Drugs Detection Project - Mail Channel Component
The overall aim of the Mail Channel component of the WCO's Synthetic Drug Detection project is to reduce the flow of synthetic drugs through the post by building the capacity of Customs units and postal services in postal and express freight centers.
Securing postal consignments is an important area of Customs controls and is of strategic importance for the security of e-commerce. The COVID crisis has considerably altered the habits of drug consumers and traffickers, making both legal and illegal e-commerce platforms popular channels for the distribution of synthetic drugs in particular and illicit opioids.
Improving officers’ skills to identify products and target at-risk shipments are the main drivers of the project.
The introduction of innovative technology solutions is also one of the main focuses of this component.
Synthetic Drugs Detection Project - Precursors component
The Precursors component aims to mobilize customs administrations and strengthening controls on synthetic drug precursor chemicals.
The goal of this component is to draw up useful risk indicators and profiling techniques for customs to carry out effective controls on the illicit diversion of legal precursor chemicals.
A working group to identify the regulatory and technical challenges encountered by customs administrations will be formed to put forward recommendations and help develop the legal and regulatory framework.
Customs control experts will be gathered to work on guidelines to improve risk analysis of precursor chemicals.
Training Course on the Analysis of New Psychoactive Substances [NPS] for Forensic Experts
This program meets the critical need for specialized training in the detection and identification of synthetic drugs and NPS in seized materials, an essential skill for successfully prosecuting drug trafficking cases. This training program is tailored for technical staff in police and judicial forensic labs and aims to enhance their theoretical understanding and practical skills.
Strengthen interregional cooperation and information exchange to counter trafficking and manufacture of synthetic drugs
Synthetic drug manufacture and trafficking is a global business which almost always involves countries in different regions. The origins of precursor chemicals, clandestine laboratories, transshipment points, the actual drug users, are often in different countries. Still, technical experts and mid-level decision makers in the field of drug control often do have the necessary direct contact to counterparts in countries in other regions, particularly to exchange or request information informally.
The tri-lateral consultations on synthetic drugs are a format developed by UNODC to harvest the often unique, hands-on knowledge on patterns and emerging trends of synthetic drug manufacture and trafficking technical which experts and mid-level decision makers in the field of drug control possess. They typically focus on three to four countries from two regions facing common synthetic drug challenges plus experts from relevant regional / international organizations. The meetings result in concrete, actionable recommendations. The activity includes preparatory meetings, an in-person technical meeting, and follow-up activities.
Preventing and Detecting the Trafficking of Synthetic Drugs in Aviation
Synthetic drugs and their precursors tend to be trafficked across continents by air more than any other type of illicit drugs. In response to this pressing challenge, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Synthetic Drug Strategy have initiated a collaborative program to assist the aviation sector in preventing and detecting the trafficking of synthetic drugs and their precursors within aviation environments.
As the specialized United Nations agency overseeing international air transport, ICAO assumes a pivotal role in formulating new and revised Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) aimed at enhancing the security of international air transport. The UNODC Synthetic Drug Strategy complements these endeavors by providing a comprehensive framework for implementing global responses to synthetic drugs, covering various strategic areas of action.
Together, ICAO and the UNODC Synthetic Drug Strategy’s joint program strengthens international efforts in countering the trafficking of synthetic drugs and their precursors by ensuring a more secure and resilient aviation environment.
Passenger and Cargo Border Team
The Passenger and Cargo Border Team (PCBT) was established through the merger of the UNODC-WCO Container Control Programme (CCP) and the UNODC-INTERPOL-WCO Airport Communication Programme (AIRCOP). The Programme’s objective is to improve the capacity of Member States and their law enforcement agencies active at air, sea and land borders, usually through the establishment of inter-agency units (such as Joint Airport Interdiction Task Forces, JAITFs, Port Control Units, PCUs and/or Air Cargo Control Units, ACCUs), to disrupt illicit flows of containers, cargo and mail, intercept high-risk passengers and identify victims of trafficking, while facilitating legitimate trade and the movement of people.
Training Program on Counterdrug Operational Police Intelligence
The objective of this program is to increase the capacity of drug control analysts and investigators in specialized techniques related to the development and analysis of counterdrug police intelligence, enhancing their ability to effectively investigate and dismantle organized criminal groups involved in drug trafficking. The focus will be on operational law enforcement intelligence, specifically tailored to counter synthetic drug threats. The methodology integrates theoretical lessons with practical exercises, emphasizing real-world scenarios to ensure practical application of learned techniques.
Middle East Drug Dialogue [MEDD]
Regional counterdrug dialogue focused on countering the regional threat posed to Middle Eastern countries and U.S. interests by synthetic drug trafficking, especially captagon. This event will establish a common understanding of the threat and share best practices. It will also provide countries the opportunity to establish relationships and networks.
Justices United against Synthetics Trafficking [JUST]
The Justices United against Synthetics Trafficking (JUST) program is a comprehensive initiative aimed at addressing the growing global problem of synthetic drug trafficking and its associated challenges. The program focuses on equipping judges and prosecutors in at-risk* countries with the knowledge, tools, and resources necessary to effectively adjudicate cases related to synthetic opioids trafficking.
Specialized Training Program to Counter Trafficking of Synthetic Drugs and New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Via Postal and Courier Services
In response to the growing trend of synthetic drugs and NPS being sold online and shipped through postal and courier services, this specialized training program is tailored to enhance the operational capacities of postal officers in profiling, detecting, and intercepting illicit drug shipments sent via mail. The methodology integrates theoretical lessons with practical exercises to ensure practical application of learned techniques.
Synthetic Drugs Detection Project - Canine Forces Component
The canine component of the WCO Synthetic Drug Detection Project aims to provide beneficiary countries with the capacity to detect synthetic drugs including fentanyl at the cargo and passenger fronts at borders. The project aims to provide national administrations with guidelines and technical notes on canine synthetic drugs detection, as well as to provide practical training to enhance the effectiveness of their K9 units.
Sub-Working Group 2.1 - Data Collection, Analysis, and Trends Including Early Warning
Drug Use Surveys in Latin America and the Caribbean [LAC] Countries
The main of this program is to update existing drug-use data to inform policy and programs. The program consists of generating updated and comparable information on drug use, demand, and supply indicators, based on the application of surveys using the CICAD standardized methodology (known by its Spanish language acronym SIDUC), among the general population between 12 and 65 years of age, high school students, university students, prisoners, and university students in participating countries in Latin American and Caribbean with out-of-date data. This will make it possible to prepare hemispheric reports on the primary drug indicators in the Americas region.
A Threat Assessment on Transnational Organized Crime on Synthetic Drugs in the Southern African Region
An in-depth understanding of the threats posed, and impact generated by Transnational Organized Crime related to the trafficking and use of synthetic drugs in the Southern Africa region to inform evidence-informed policy and public health interventions.
Learning about the Annual Report Questionnaire (ARQ)
The main goal of the program is to hold regional and global training and annual meetings for ARQ Focal Points, jointly between UNODC and relevant regional organizations. Ideally, 5 regional meetings workshops would be held: Americas, Europe, Africa, West and Central Asia, and South, Southeast, East Asia and the Pacific. In addition, a global meeting will be held with subsets of countries representing each of the regions. These meetings will focus on: a) providing Focal Points with training on how to report data to the ARQ, particularly in relation to synthetic drugs; b) working closely with countries inputting data into the ARQ, c) working closely with regional organizations to streamline data collections taking place in teach region and promote data sharing, d) encourage exchange of information and best practices between countries with relation to the collection of synthetic drugs data.
The benefits of using the Drug Treatment Surveillance System
The drug treatment surveillance system's objective is to gather data in a standardized way on persons receiving care from drug treatment service providers in participating member states during each calendar year. More specifically, the system allows countries to build a profile of the demographic characteristics, drug-using behaviors, and treatment history of clients, establish trends, and identify risk factors for substance use disorders. Clients’ information remains completely anonymous.
Development of international standards, training and mentoring on collecting data on drug use and its health consequences in countries where drug use is stigmatized and culturally sensitive
The proposed initiative aims at building the capacity of national institutions in collecting data on drug use and its health consequences, especially in countries where drug use as a behaviour is stigmatized and culturally sensitive, which in turn hinders estimating the extent of drug use through self-reported use of substances. Such capacity building initiative becomes much more important in the context of emerging and new synthetic drugs for which there is little or no information of the extent and pattern of their use in the general population as well as among special population groups in many countries. This initiative will include producing a manual/guidelines on “international standards and good practices in implementing data collection methods such as population-based surveys on drug use and its consequences using direct and indirect methods” in countries where drug use is stigmatized as well as culturally sensitive, also bringing in use of different indirect methods and studies to triangulate the information on extent of drug use. A second component of the initiative will aim at building the capacity through regional and sub-regional training of national experts in implementing drug use surveys using the international standards.
This overall initiative builds on UNODC support and experiences of supporting countries, including through technical support, in implementing drug use survey as well as surveys among youth population in a number of countries, particularly, in South West Asia, and West Africa.
Next Generation IDS- Ensuring efficient and effective data flows between Member States and INCB
Data provided by Governments on the manufacture, use and international trade on narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors used for medical and scientific purposes are stored in the International Drug Control System (IDS) which became operational in 2004. The data available through IDS contains historical and contemporary data on drugs dating back several decades and is information that is unique to the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) and not available through other sources. The submission of data from more than 150 Governments allows INCB to chart global trends, identify and report trade discrepancies and detect possible diversions of drugs intended for licit purposes into the illicit market.
An upgrade to IDS, entitled Next Generation IDS, is currently underway to simplify the data reporting process for competent national authorities through a web-based platform. Other key features of Next Generation IDS include enhanced analysis tools, dashboards and visualizations. The upgrade will also result in deepened integration two other systems used by Governments to monitor international trade in drugs and precursors, I2ES and Pen Online/Pen Online Light. Next Gen IDS will be made available to Governments free of charge and technical assistance and training providing guidance, knowledge and skills in collecting, analysing and reporting statistics and other data on the implementation of the international drug control treaties will be provided by INCB. Ultimately, the system will enhance both Governments’ and INCB’s abilities to identify weaknesses in control mechanisms that may be exploited by traffickers or to identify anomalies in licit trade patterns that may serve as an early warning for threats facing the international community from diversions of controlled substances.
In-depth capacity assessment of treatment systems for substance use disorders using the WHO Service Capacity Index for Substance Use Disorders [SCI-SUD]
In-depth assessment of capacity of treatment systems for substance use disorders using the methodology developed by WHO in the context of treatment coverage for substance use disorders (Service Capacity Index for Substance Use Disorders – SCI-SUD)
The use of Laboratory Improvement Programs to enhance Early Warning Systems.
This program aims to form a network of forensic laboratories with the capacity to analyze and screen for new and emerging drugs, including synthetic opioids, new psychoactive substances, and other synthetic drugs. This network will facilitate:
- The creation of an inventory of forensic laboratories in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).
- The creation of a directory of nationally managed or affiliated forensic laboratories in LAC countries.
- Information sharing among laboratories, with national early warning systems (EWS), and with the Early Warning System of the Americas (SATA, by its Spanish language acronym)
- The provision of training and technical support from those countries with more developed laboratories to those with less analytical capacity.
- The exchange of experiences and best practices, the exchange of chemical standards, legislation, and the training of professional teams in updated techniques for analyzing new drugs.
- The creation of a mechanism for cross-border analysis of drug samples.
Synthetic Drug use Information Systems, for a Highly And Responsive Treatment Environment [SHARE]: A global community of practice for the development of drug information systems to inform the effective planning of national drug use disorder treatment and care systems #ShareFacts - #SaveLives
Synthetic Drug use Information Systems, for a Highly And Responsive Treatment Environment [SHARE] A global community of practice for the development of drug information systems to inform the effective planning of national drug use disorder treatment and care systems #ShareFacts - #SaveLives
Effective drug information systems can be a key source of information for the planning and development of evidence-based and needs-based drug use disorder treatment and care services and systems, especially also with a view to the emergence of synthetic drugs and changing drug use patterns in many parts of the world.
The SHARE initiative will have a global and national level component.
At the GLOBAL level, UNODC is suggesting the SHARE initiative to invite UN Member States to join a community of practice for mutual support and exchange of experiences on the development of national drug information and drug treatment systems in a building blocks approach, including early warning systems that allow for early responses to new synthetic drug challenges and consider information received from health and social services. Countries with more and less experience in drug-related data collection and drug information system will be invited to join this new community of practice and learn from each other. UNODC will encourage technology transfer around innovative, especially lower-cost data collection approaches with proven feasibility and explore their adaptation for lower resource settings (e.g. waste water analysis in places with functional sewage systems).
At the NATIONAL level, building on the Lisbon Consensus on drug information systems, the “SHARE initiative will enhance the local preparedness of countries for the increased emergence of synthetic drugs and be ready to use information from various sources for the adaptation of national drug use disorder treatment and care systems in line with changing drug use patterns. National level efforts to develop local drug information systems, will focus on capacity building and technical assistance for the implementation of selected Lisbon Consensus indicators, with a view to those with higher feasibility in lower resource settings as well as other innovative data collection tools that have been implemented successfully in countries without pre-existing drug information systems, eg. The UNODC/WHO facility survey for substance use disorder treatment services. The combined application of quantitative and qualitative data collection strategies is recommended for different purposes.
Suggested initial Lisbon Consensus indicators for which data collection can be initially considered a priority in the framework of the SHARE initiative, will include but not necessarily be limited to
- Drug consumption among the youth population
- Drug consumption among special or vulnerable populations
- High-risk drug consumption
- Service utilization
Furthermore, a number of newly developed tools will be made available to programme countries, such as the UNODC/WHO Facility survey for substance use disorder treatment services . The facility survey has proven to have a good feasibility even in countries without prior drug information systems and limited available information on drug use and drug treatment service provision. UNODC has established a possibility to implement the facility survey online, in cooperation with UNODC’s Drug Monitoring Platform. Rapid assessments on the situation with regard to drug use, drug dependence and available services can be an initial step to understand local drug use patterns and services available as well. UNODC has conducted such in multiple countries and has expanded such rapid assessments now to humanitarian settings and situations of displacement with very limited epidemiological or routine data available. Tools developed under UNODC’s Global Assessment Programme (GAP) are furthermore available to support local data collection as part of more institutional efforts to develop national drug information systems.
The below gives an example of the practical relevance of various data collection efforts under consideration for SHARE for the development of national prevention and treatment responses.
- School surveys: Implementation of effective prevention and treatment initiatives for children in school age, guided by school survey results; e.g. Treatnet Family or family skills programmes
- Facility surveys: Introduction of quality assurance for drug use disorder treatment services based on facility survey data and Drug treatment system planning
- High risk drug consumption surveys: Implementation of strategies to reduce the negative health and social consequences of drug use, e.g. the UNODC/WHO Stop Overdose Safely (SOS) Initiative on community management of opioid overdose
- Service use information including Quality Assurance and Treatment Demand Indicator: Introduction of quality assurance for drug treatment systems based on treatment demand indicator information at consolidated level, Drug treatment system planning and Monitoring of changing drug use patterns for which people are seeking treatment for
- Qualitative studies: Implementation of strategies for people using drugs based on a better understanding of their situation and needs
- Analysis of routine data from different settings (e.g. prisons, emergency rooms, police in addition to drug treatment services): Implementation of effective prevention and treatment initiatives in different settings, guided by the reporting of drug use, drug use disorders and overdose cases
- Network scale up:Indirect assessments of drug use prevalence for service planning
- Wastewater analysis: Using sampling and analysis of waters, wastewaters, soils and wastes
Early Warning Systems on Drugs [EWS] in the Americas
The objective of this program is to improve the capacity of participating countries to detect, assess, and timely respond to emerging threats from synthetic drugs by providing training, technical assistance, and other support to develop or improve national early warning systems on drugs. In addition, this program will facilitate the information-sharing among countries by expanding and improving the Early Warning System of the Americas (known by its Spanish language acronym, SATA).
Maximizing the use of the Drugs Monitoring Platform (DMP) to highlight synthetic drug production in South-East and South Asia
The main goal of the program is to leverage the use of an existing tool, the DMP, to monitor national, regional and global trends in synthetic drugs trafficking, and expand to other types of data such as production (detection of clandestine laboratories). The program will aim at maximize the coverage and use of the platform in relation to synthetic drugs, starting from ensuring full coverage in South East and South Asia, while also improving data available at the national level through capacity building programs. It will also aim at creating regional and sub-regional a communities of practice of DMP users that can facilitate exchange of information and best practices.
World Drug Report chapters on synthetic drug emerging issues
The proposed initiative aims at producing a series of chapters on synthetic drugs in the World Drug Report (WDR), the annual flagship publication of the UN on drugs. Following up on the chapter published in WDR 2023 on the synthetic drugs phenomenon, which looked at cross sectional issues in relation to synthetic drug production, trafficking and markets, the series will focus on emerging threats in synthetic drug demand and supply dynamics across the world. Each edition could for example include an analysis of emerging threats and impacts in a specific region and/or have a topical focus.
Strengthen national early warning mechanisms on emerging synthetic drug-related threats
National early warning mechanisms allow countries to identify emerging synthetic drug-related threats and respond early on by taking appropriate action. This requires to set up a national coordination mechanism assessing a regular flow of reliable, scientific data e.g. from drug analysis and toxicology laboratories, law enforcement, and drug health services. The result will be alerts distributed to stakeholders which serve as the base for their responses to the identified threat.
Examples are the emergence of drug-products laced with fentanyl, toxic adulterants, unusually high drug concentrations, new drug products, etc.
UNODC provides tailored training for countries on how to set-up, operate and strengthen a national early warning mechanism building on reliable, high quality information from national institutions such as forensic laboratories. Key elements are the formation of a stakeholder group and a technical evaluation committee in charge of assessing information and communicating early warning messages to different audiences as well as capacity building for forensic laboratories to enhance the information they provide to the mechanism.
The Sentinel Program: Training and Equipping Forensic Drug Testing Labs to Accurately Identify Synthetics, Unknown Substances, and Complex Drug Mixtures to Better Understand Drug Epidemics
Colombo Plan trainers provide forensic drug testing labs with peer reviewed and internationally recognized advanced methods using chromatography mass spectrometry techniques to better detect emerging synthetics, unknown substances, and complex drug mixtures, with provision of state-of-the-art drug LCMSMS testing instruments, professional reference standards, and follow-up technical assistance.
Increase public health data collection using Web based ASSIST Tool
- To facilitate synergy in public health data collection and processing by strengthening data processes under the existing national government health information system as supported by the South African National AIDS Council’s comprehensive HIV/TB data dashboard and Situation Room, specifically geared to identify new trends, including those of synthetic drugs.
- To facilitate meaningful overlay of Substance use, risk and substance use disorder data with HIV, TB, and other public health data across the health and social sectors.
- To overlay public health data with census and other population data to improve characterization of communities for improved resource distribution.
- To create a platform for analysis and interpretation of Data Core data to support policy review/development and strategic planning at local, provincial, and national level.
Monitoring of Illicit Drug Markets in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Countries
The objective of the illicit drug markets program is to update and improve information on the production, trafficking, and sale of illicit drugs in the LAC region. The emergence of synthetic drugs has created a rapidly changing drug supply market where precursors, manufacturing, trafficking, and sales (including online sales) are concerned. A lack of data on these topics is an important gap that this program aims to fill.
Strengthening Research and Data Collection for Drug Demand Reduction Interventions in African Union Member States
The Pan African Epidemiology Network on Drug Use (PAENDU) was established in 2015 with the support of the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL), US State Department, in response to lack of data to inform the review of legislative, policy and operational and responses to public health challenges due to increased trafficking, production and use of various drugs including New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) and others not subject to international regulations. PAENDU aims to address the lack of harmonized and reliable drug use data by promoting systematic data collection, analysis, and reporting through connecting national drug epidemiological networks on one platform
Increase implementation of Wastewater Analysis in Emerging Drug Markets
The proposed initiative seeks to generate guidelines relevant to implementing wastewater analysis (WWA) in emerging drug markets. Presently, wastewater analysis is a useful tool in assessing trends in drug consumption in local municipal markets. However, wastewater has so far only been used with regularity to detect changes in drug consumption patterns in Europe and Australia. Other countries have employed WWA sporadically. Challenges as to the limitations of employing WWA more regularly have not been catalogued with an eye to overcoming implementation challenges. This multi-year project seeks to analyze the barriers to implementing WWA in emerging markets and build best practices, learned from regions and countries that have extensive experience with WWA, for countries interested in undertaking WWA, either regularly or on an ad-hoc basis. The project will study the implementation challenges in various interested countries (e.g., logistic, financial, legal). It will then engage with relevant researchers and policy groups implementing WWA to establish and disseminate relevant best practices or strategies aimed at overcoming implementation barriers.
Drug information networks, DINs, for monitoring traditional, synthetic, and other emerging drugs.
- The objective of this program is to create or strengthen drug information networks (DINs) for long-term monitoring of the demand and supply of illicit drugs, including synthetic drugs and other emerging drugs in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
- To this end, technical assistance will be provided through virtual and in-person training focused on developing national DINs, support for implementing standard CICAD indicators for DINs, and capacity building for monitoring synthetic and other emerging drugs.
Understanding the value of illicit profits and money flows associated with synthetic drug trafficking
Although the market for synthetic drugs has been escalating and proliferating globally, no specific project has addressed yet what is the value of the proceeds from this diverse drug market. The proposed initiative aims at producing estimates of illicit profits and money flows for selected routes of synthetic drug trafficking, following up on the implementation of the conceptual framework for the statistical measurement of drug-related money flows in different pilot countries.
Strengthening national and regional drug data collection capacity and reporting in the Pacific
The main objective of the proposed initiative is to improve drug-related (focusing on synthetic drugs and precursor chemicals) data generation and sharing capacity of Pacific island countries (PICs). The lack of data generated and shared by PICs is considerable compared to any other regions globally, and this poses particular challenges for policy and strategy development. This challenge is largely driven by a) an overall lack of data generation capacity, b) an absence of a national data focal points or coordination mechanisms that facilitate the exchange of data and information among relevant authorities, and c) the lack of a regional mechanism to share data and information among PICs. To this end, UNODC’s knowledge and experience in developing and managing a functioning regional database obtained over the last two decades in Southeast Asia will be utilized for this initiative.
Sub-Working Group 2.2 - Information Sharing, Interagency Collaboration and Policy Formulation
Next Generation Targeting Tools that Stop Synthetic Drugs, Dangerous NPS, Fentanyl & Related Chemical Trafficking: Cyber-Communications Centre
Since 2019, the GRIDS Programme linked capacity building training, state-of-the-art targeting tools and Regional Technical Officer (RTO) facilitated intelligence exchange has directly contributed to the dismantling of numerous organized crime groups at their source. At the core of the GRIDS Programme is its Cyber-Communications Centre (GC3) providing 24/7 access to the IONICS suite of operational tools. This proposal builds on the multi-agency fusion centre model, with scalable IONICS communication system, GRIDS Intelligence HD, GRIDS Targeting Assist (GTA), Pre-Flight Incident Notification Gateway (PING), E-Learning Individual Training Environment (ELITE) and the Scanning of Novel Opioids on Online Platforms (SNOOP) targeting platforms for national and international enforcement focal points, enhancing their capacity that stop synthetic drugs, dangerous NPS, fentanyl and related chemical trafficking.
International Network for Legislation on Drugs [INLOD]
While addressing the manufacture and trafficking of illicit drugs is of paramount importance to global public health and security, it is crucial to acknowledge the existing gap between policy-making expertise and legislation in this domain. The novel and fast-evolving nature of synthetic drugs presents unique challenges for policymakers who may lack the requisite knowledge and expertise to formulate effective responses. This initiative addresses this lack of expertise, which can hinder the development of robust legal frameworks and set back international cooperation.
Building the International Network for Legislation on Drugs (INLOD) project will be part of a global effort with multiple international partners. INLOD will serve as a knowledge exchange platform for parliaments/legislators and their professional staff, and policy makers, in the Americas to collaborate, generate, and share best practices, sample legislation, and relevant information on global drug-related legislative actions. Parliamentary members, policy makers, and international experts of this initiative will be able to contribute to harmonizing best practices on drug-related legislation, promoting horizontal cooperation, and generating valuable tools (e.g., sample legislations and procedures) through virtual and in-person technical groups, regional and international fora. In addition to finding legislators to champion this initiative, a critical component is to include legislative staffers and aides. These individuals often draft the laws, offering working-level access to individuals who can implement legislative change. The goal of creating this framework is to develop a cadre of legislators to work on model legislation by the provision of draft legislative agendas focused on synthetic opioids.
Next Generation Targeting Tools that Stop Synthetic Drugs, Dangerous NPS, Fentanyl & Related Chemical Trafficking: GRIDS Targeting Assist
GRIDS Targeting Assist (GTA) uses advanced structured data algorithm to identify linkages in INCB GRIDS’ IONICS communications and identify source of trafficking that would otherwise go unnoticed. The current proposal deploys the GTA algorithm as part of the IONICS suite of operational tools with 24/7 access to all enforcement focal points. This proposal is a force multiplier of frontline officer capacity and provides continuity and sustainability of national efforts to combat synthetic drugs, dangerous NPS, fentanyl and related chemical trafficking.
Support the Development, Implementation, and Monitoring and Evaluation of National Drug Policies, Strategies, and/or Plans of Action
Initiative that promotes the development and implementation of national drug policies, strategies, and/or plans of action through strengthening institutional capacities of the Americas in the formulation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of drug policies and strategies.
This initiative seeks to address the lack of drug policies and action plans for implementation, and incomplete draft drug policies that need to be approved. Drug policies determine and articulate actions, interventions, and programs that address various aspects of the drug problem. Likewise, they represent a political commitment that stimulates discussions and coordinates work between different state sectors and other key actors in order to achieve a comprehensive, effective, and collective response to the problem.
The methodology supports the policymaking process from drafting to approval. Technical assistance (in-country and virtual) and training provide guidance, knowledge, and skills in formulating national drug policies, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation plans.
Next Generation Targeting Tools that Stop Synthetic Drugs, Dangerous NPS, Fentanyls & Related Chemical Trafficking - PING
The GRIDS Pre-flight Incident Notification Gateway (PING) allows international organizations or national government with IONICS access, to automate their requests verifying whether specific importer or exporter geospatial coordinates are associated with suspicious shipment or seizures of synthetic drugs, dangerous NPS, fentanyl and related chemical substance via IONICS. Developed to allow the Universal Postal Union’s (UPU) Dangerous Good Search Tools (DGST) to ping IONICS, it instantly returns a stoplight match score for potential secondary inspection prior to being loaded onto a plane and automates at-scale what is currently possible manually by focal points without the burden of data exchange 24/7.
Establishing functioning networks of drug epidemiologists and toxicologists in East and Southeast Asia
With the emergence of potent synthetic drugs, information from epidemiologists and toxicologists has become a critical component of drug policy development. However, there is a significant lack of information from epidemiologists and toxicologists in East and Southeast Asia largely due to the prevailing enforcement and seizure focused approach to addressing drug matters across the region. To address this challenge and broaden the scope of the approach utilized by governments in East and Southeast Asia to address the synthetic drug challenge, this initiative aims to establish functional networks among epidemiologists and toxicologists in the region to address the information gaps, support regional early warning purposes, and integrate their insight for developing drug policies.
Creating Strategies for New Psychoactive Substance Institutional Response
Initiative that builds and strengthens the institutional capacity to address the Fentanyl problem and other emerging to new psychoactive substances (NPS) in the countries. Fentanyl and other NPS are the most common drugs involved in overdose deaths. It is often added to other drugs because of its extreme potency, which makes drugs cheaper, more powerful, more addictive, and more dangerous.
This initiative seeks to reduce deaths, health consequences, violence, and other related issues to Fentanyl and other NPS by strengthening and coordinating institutional strategies to provide an effective response through inter-agency coordination, strategic planning of interventions, and referrals to services and programs.
Enhancing engagement with policymakers to address synthetic drug challenges in Southeast Asia
Addressing evolving synthetic drug challenges requires a mix of enforcement, legal, regulatory, health and education responses. In Southeast Asia, there have been limited channels to engage with policymakers (particularly parliamentarians) and provide them with briefings and trainings on synthetic drug matters and associated security and public health challenges despite the existence of relevant parliamentarian committees at the national level. UNODC proposes to address this gap by creating new channels to better engage with policymakers and provide them with the latest data and information through this initiative for developing national and regional synthetic drug policies.
Increasing institutional capacity of Law Enforcement, National Revenue Authorities [Customs Department], National Prosecution Services, National Medicines Regulatory Authorities, National Quality Control Laboratories, and prosecutors to identify, detect and prosecute synthetic drugs to reduce their trafficking and mitigate their public health impact
Increasing institutional capacity of Law Enforcement, National Revenue Authorities (Customs Department), National Prosecution Services, National Medicines Regulatory Authorities, National Quality Control Laboratories, and prosecutors to identify, detect and prosecute synthetic drugs to reduce their trafficking and mitigate their public health impact.
UNODC ROSAF will provide training to the police, customs, ports/airports authorities, national medicine regulatory authorities, national quality control laboratory and prosecution services in 5 identified countries under ROSAF in line with WCO, INTERPOL and UNODC tools and International Standards and best practices.
UN Toolkit on Synthetic Drugs
The UN Toolkit on Synthetic Drugs supports the international community to implement comprehensive responses to counter the synthetic drugs problem.
The Toolkit was created in response to Resolutions 61/8 (2018) and 62/4 (2019) of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs which called on UNODC, WHO, INCB and the international community to develop new and innovative approaches to address the international threats posed by the non-medical use of synthetic drugs.
The Toolkit is a one-stop shop coordinated by the UNODC Synthetic Drug Strategy which brings together a wide range of guidance and resources from a variety of specialised agencies across the UN system.
The Toolkit is tailored to experts, practitioners, and policymakers in the fields of health, law enforcement, forensics and research and contains over 350 practical resources and tools. The Toolkit is available in all six official UN Languages.
The content of Toolkit is organised into modules on different topics such as forensics, postal security, access to medicines, legal approaches, treatment and prevention and precursor control. New modules, tools and resources are being added to the Toolkit on a continuous basis to keep it current, beneficial and relevant.
The UN Toolkit on Synthetic Drugs was developed by UNODC in collaboration with the World Health Organization, the International Narcotics Control Board, the Universal Postal Union and the World Customs Organisation.
DAIS: Comprehensive and Sustainable Alternative Development
According to the mandate of the OAS Hemispheric Drug Strategies and its corresponding plan of action, ES-CICAD is collaborating with the Expert Group on Comprehensive and Sustainable Alternative Development (known by its Spanish-language acronym GEDAIS), to provide a political forum for dialogue and development of policy and guidelines. Alternative development seeks to provide vulnerable communities involved in substance production and or trafficking with a livelihood away from crime and drugs. Alternative development efforts in the Americas have focused on crop substitution and rural development. In those efforts, ethnic and female-led productive associations have been vital in sustaining the fight against illicit crops and protecting the environment.
Under the work of the GEDAIS, it is possible to identify certain key areas that require support. Such issues include but are not limited to (i) DAIS challenges in natural protected areas and the preservation of biodiversity, (ii) DAIS in the framework of designing national drug policies and strategies, (iii) DAIS as a strategy to contain environmental crimes, (iv) marketing of DAIS products and positioning in sustainable markets, and (v) inclusion of ethnic and gender approaches into DAIS programs to counter vulnerability caused by drug-related illicit activities.
Increased capacity to Prevent, Detect and Respond to Diversion of controlled drugs/substances/medicines through multisectoral and multidisciplinary training on the Universal Curriculum on diversion
The Universal Curriculum on Diversion of controlled medicines – Prevent, Detect, Respond aims at supporting countries, especially low- and middle-income countries, in building their capacity to address the diversion of controlled substances used for medical and scientific purposes. Diversion of these substances can happen at any stage from manufacturing, distribution and even at the final stage – disposal. While prevention, detection, and response to diversion of controlled substances feasible, it requires a multisectoral and multidisciplinary approach.
Tackling the issue of diversion also requires a set of evidence-based national policies as well as, well-trained staff in various settings including health care systems to apply prevention, detection, and response measures.
The Universal Curriculum on Diversion of controlled medicines – Prevent, Detect, Respond contain of a set of trainings aiming at supporting countries in building capacity of work forces in different settings to apply control measures and minimize diversion at early stages with appropriate and effective approaches.
Policy Makers Against Synthetic Drug Trafficking [PMAST]
While addressing the illicit manufacture and trafficking of synthetic drugs is of paramount importance to global public health and security, it is crucial to acknowledge the existing gap in policy making expertise in this specific domain. The novel and fast-evolving nature of synthetic present unique challenges for policy makers who may lack the requisite knowledge and expertise to formulate effective responses. Policy Makers Against Synthetics Trafficking (PMAST) addresses this lack of expertise, which can hinder the development of robust legal frameworks and hinder international cooperation.
Universal Curriculum on diversion of controlled medicines – Prevent, Detect, Respond
This project initiative consists of development of a Universal Curriculum on diversion of controlled medicines. This curriculum will allow the development of the required strategies to prevent, detect and respond to this phenomenon, which is the underlying cause of non-medical use and misuse of these substances, and constitute a major public health issue in many countries around the world.
SNOOP: State-of-the-art targeting tools and enforcement capacity to combat online synthetic opioids, dangerous NPS & related chemical trafficking
OPIOIDS Project | SNOOP (Scanning Novel Opioids Online Platforms) tool for use by enforcement focal points provides vendor marketplace profiles weekly for targeting the Boards lists of synthetic drugs with no known legitimate uses. SNOOP supports capacity and special international operations and develops special alerts, notices and actionable intelligence packages to detect, deny, disrupt and dismantle organized crime groups exploiting online services.
Sub-Working Group 3.1 - Preventing Drug Use, Strengthen and expand evidence-based prevention activities
Law Enforcement and Drug Use Prevention in Schools
UNODC with the support of US INL developed a guiding document on the role of Law Enforcement Officers (LEOs) on drug use prevention in schools. This guiding document aims to improve the effectiveness of pre-existing and ongoing work of LEOs involved in substance use prevention in schools. It incites LEO to re-assess their mode of operation and align their work with what the science of prevention and better integrate LEO in the larger systems of prevention to optimize the effectiveness of this prevention system.
Recommendations for the Development of a Three-Phase Intervention to Address the Non-Medical Use of Controlled Medicines in University Settings
This three-phase intervention is two-fold. Firstly, it will generate data on the prevalence of non-medical use of controlled medicines and risk perception amongst students in diverse areas. Not only is it important to understand the scale and nature of the issue, but such data is integral to informing subsequent interventions. The second is to build the capacity of university counselling staff to offer evidence-based prevention and treatment instruments in the form of ASSIST-linked brief intervention, and in doing so, support Member States in addressing the non-medical use of controlled medicines amongst the student demographic.
Planet Youth Guidance Program
Iceland went from being among the highest in adolescent substance use in Europe in 1998 to being among the lowest only 15 years later, in 2013.
Planet Youth Guidance Program was developed from the Icelandic Prevention Model – a theory-based approach with demonstrated effectiveness in reducing substance use in Iceland for over 20 years. The Planet Youth Guidance Program is designed to strengthen protective factors, mitigate risk factors, and build healthy community environments for positive youth development by focusing on key domains in the local school-community: Family, peer group, leisure (out-of-school) time, and school.
The Planet Youth Guidance Program is a data driven population-wide primary prevention process designed to have a long-term impact in communities on reducing youth substance use by creating a healthy environment amongst youth. Planet Youth treats society as “the patient“ and believes that building a community environment that delays the onset of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs for as long as possible is an effective approach to reducing the long-term health problems related to youth substance use.
For quotes use the section below "Point of Contact"
Youth Peer to Peer Prevention [Friends in Focus]
The youth-based prevention tool, Friends in Focus, aims to equip older adolescents with the needed life and social skills to prevent drug use in younger adolescents through peer-to-peer engagement. This tool (currently in development) is rooted in by the UNODC WHO International Standards on Drug Use Prevention and is designed to be delivered by youth for youth, without daily facilitation by adults.
Community-Based Prevention & CADCA's Model for Community Change
CADCA is a prominent substance use prevention organization dedicated to fostering safe, healthy, and drug-free communities. Our core approach involves the establishment of multisector drug prevention community coalitions. CADCA currently represents and collaborates with over 5,000 community-based coalitions across the United States and 28 countries worldwide. These community coalitions serve as formal platforms for collaboration among diverse community sectors, allowing each group to maintain its unique identity while collectively pursuing a shared objective. These coalitions are primarily led by local residents and sector representatives, ensuring that the community's authentic voices guide the strategies employed to address local issues. CADCA actively engages various local sectors, including businesses, parents, media, law enforcement, schools, faith organizations, health providers, social service agencies, and government entities, to facilitate collaboration and the development of comprehensive plans, policies, and strategies. The ultimate aim is to reduce illicit drug use and crime rates at the community level while simultaneously providing communities with the necessary support to enhance their strength, effectiveness, and long-term sustainability.
Addressing the Issue of Drug Use in Media
This program provides journalists and media professionals with the tools to address issues related to drug use. The emphasis will be based on the use of images and messages that avoid the promotion of drug use, increase the perception of risk and reduce stigma, and that can promote the available alternatives for help. This project will develop a four-day training on addressing the issue of drug use in media specifically targeted at journalists since media plays a significant role in shaping public perception and attitudes towards drug-related topics. These types of trainings help journalists understand the complexities of drug use, addiction, and related issues while emphasizing responsible and accurate reporting.
Developing national work plans for implementing drug use prevention programs
This initiative focuses on providing technical assistance and capacity building to OAS member states to develop a national work plan for implementing drug use prevention programs according to their assessed local needs, available resources, and context. On November 2022, CICAD implemented the first Regional Conference on the Implementation of Drug Use Prevention Policies and Programs. The goal of this conference was to build and/or strengthen the capacity of national drug commissions officials in charge of developing and implementing drug use prevention policies, strategies, and programs in OAS member states. Following this conference, each member state performed an assessment of their internal needs, resources, networks, and barriers for establishing school-, family-, and workplace prevention strategies in their territories.
Using Media-Based Prevention Science Methods to Prevent Synthetic Substance Use
There is a growing need for evidence-based prevention programs. We provide professionals with specialized, state-of-the-art training in prevention science theory, methods, practice, research, and evaluation methods to be well equipped to meet the urgent need for synthetic psychoactive substance use prevention to engage in effective, evidence-based synthetic substance use prevention using persuasion-based media prevention efforts. The media-specific objectives of the synthetic psychotropic substance use prevention curriculum are as follows:
- To learn how media, in conjunction with evidence-based persuasive prevention theories, can be used to deliver effective synthetic substance use prevention campaigns.
- To develop these theory-based persuasive synthetic drug prevention media campaigns.
- To ensure trainees can apply the information conveyed in the Claremont program to their specific cultural context.
- To evaluate the preventive efficacy of their efforts scientifically, with reliable and valid measures.
At the conclusion of the program, participants will have completed a complete media-based synthetic substance use prevention plan/campaign that is ready to implement in their communities.
- Having learned the fundamental features of persuasive prevention, participants will be capable of generalizing their learning to different issues and illicit substances, which are likely to arise in the future.
- As a natural outcome of their training, participants will form a cadre of well-educated fellow prevention specialists from their areas with whom they may interact and collaborate over the course of their prevention efforts, amplifying the effects of their training.
The program is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.
Review of National Drug Prevention Systems (RePS) to Align with International Standards
UNODC’s Review of Prevention Systems (RePS) tool assists countries in assessing how closely their national or sub-national (e.g., provincial, municipal) drug use prevention system aligns with the UNODC/WHO International Standards on Drug Use Prevention with the aim of identifying areas of strength and weakness to allow improvement. The information gathered through the implementation of the RePS tool assesses the quality of interventions being implemented by age, level of risk, and the setting of the implementation. Analysis is conducted at both the national and regional level, making results relevant to policy makers and practitioners at all levels. The holistic review of the prevention system aims to identify effective prevention interventions, supportive policy frameworks, encourage the use of evidence-based planning and research, improve coordination among different sectors and levels, and promote sustainability.
Development of postgraduate education and training of medical doctors on prevention and management of substance use disorders
Development of postgraduate education and training of medical doctors on prevention and management of substance use disorders based on WHO Guide and Core Competencies Framework for Medical Doctors Working with Substance Use Disorders (GCF-SUD)
Capacity building for health professionals on cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids
Using the WHO materials on the health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use, this intervention seeks to build the capacity of health professionals to address the public health dimensions of cannabis use.
Children Amplified Prevention Systems (CHAMPS)
The CHAMPS initiative (Children Amplified Prevention Services) aims to demonstrate the value of amplifying evidence-based prevention services in building the resilience of children from birth to adolescence to prevent the use of drugs and other psychoactive substances.
The amplification is by building model systems bringing series of evidence-based interventions and strategies to all children (<18 years) in a geographic region tailored to age and level of risk and by intensifying partnerships between agents of the response. Model systems will be implemented over 5 years in 10 countries per wave, anticipating multiple waves of interest.
Comprehensive School-Based Drug Prevention Continuum
The Prevention Continuum is a school-based universal prevention strategy for reducing the use of alcohol and other drugs targeting youth throughout the entire education cycle (age 6 to 18). The goal this program is to improve social skills to strengthen protective factors and reduce the influence of risk factors associated with substance use in students at the different grades and consistently across the school system.
In the region, few countries have implemented evidence-based prevention strategies that target students throughout the entire education spectrum: from pre-school to high-school. In that regard, this initiative will seek to expand the supply of low-cost evidence-based prevention strategies for reducing drug targeting children and youth in all levels of the school system.
Engaging Youth in Drug Use Prevention
The primary goal of the Engaging Youth in Prevention Training Curriculum is to foster youth leadership in drug demand reduction by empowering youth to spearhead prevention initiatives. This curriculum equips youth aged 18 to 26 with knowledge, skills, and strategies to develop and implement comprehensive action plans for prevention initiatives in their communities. Moreover, it encourages participants to collaborate with governmental bodies, civil society, and among themselves to ensure the successful development and implementation of prevention initiatives. Participatory approaches that raise the voices of youths and allow their active and meaningful participation in health promotion activities are increasingly recognized as viable and necessary for preventing health issues. The curriculum is available in English, Spanish and Portuguese.
Build Resilience through Family Skills Training
Evidence-based family skills training is one of the most effective ways to prevent substance use among children and adolescents. These programs support caregivers to be better parents and help children develop the skills to make healthy decisions, leading to improved communication and interpersonal relationships. Family units come together at the end of each session to practice new skills together. These cost-effective programs have multiple positive outcomes for children and adolescents. Including decreased alcohol and drug use, decreased child depression and aggression, decreased family conflict, increased child attachment to school and academic performance, and increased child social competence and pro-social behavior.
Family United is a universal family skills program intended for low- and middle-income countries. During implementation, UNODC found that caregiving in stressful settings raises particular concerns that need to be addressed. This resulted in the creation of Strong Families, which is a selective family skills program to improve parenting, family resilience, and child well-being and mental health.
Training the Prevention Workforce
The Universal Prevention Curriculum (UPC) strengthens the capacity of professionals working in the field of drug prevention to identify gaps, develop a plan of action, and implement and evaluate evidence-based prevention policies and interventions in a variety of settings. This curriculum addresses the need for a knowledgeable and competent prevention workforce and can be disseminated throughout a country using a training of trainers approach. International organizations are able to further enhance country capacity to implement evidence-based drug use prevention programs through the support of mentors, and technical assistance for the implementation of selected family-, school-, and community-based prevention programs.
The UPC consists of two series, one series for Managers and Supervisors who oversee the implementation of prevention interventions and/or policies and one series for practitioners who are directly responsible for the implementation of evidence-based prevention interventions.
The UPC is available in English (all tracks), Spanish (all tracks), Portuguese (some tracks), and French (some tracks).
Sub-Working Group 3.2 - Engaging People with Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders
UNODC/WHO S-O-S (Stop-Overdose Safely) Initiative for effective management of opioid overdose
The Stop Overdose Safely (S-O-S) initiative—developed in compliance with WHO guidelines on Community management of opioid overdose—aims to prevent opioid overdose deaths by promoting access to naloxone and the training of potential first responders in overdose management. It aims to prevent opioid overdose deaths in line with the recommendations of the WHO guidelines on Community Management of Opioid Overdose (WHO, 2014). The goal is to contribute towards reducing deaths due to preventable opioid overdoses.
The S-O-S initiative supports people likely to witness an overdose in the community, with a focus on people who use drugs, their peers, as well as family members with THN programs including training, provision of naloxone, and linking with treatment services. Moreover, it encourages broad partnerships between national governments, municipalities, regional organizations, research institutes, civil society, interested funding agencies, and other entities to work towards the 90-90-90 targets. The targets are 90 percent of the relevant target population will have received training in overdose risk emergency management; 90 percent of those trained will be given a supply of emergency naloxone; and 90 percent of those who have been given a naloxone supply will be carrying the naloxone on them or have it close at hand.
Within the framework of the UNODC/WHO S-O-S initiative, a “S-O-S Multisite project on community management of opioid overdose including the use of naloxone” was designed to demonstrate the feasibility and public health impact of the implementation of an opioid overdose intervention in low- and middle-income countries, specifically in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Ukraine. The study showed that the implementation of a WHO–UNODC S-O-S training project resulted in the successful use of take-home naloxone at around 90% of witnessed opioid overdoses in low- to middle income countries and many lives saved.
UNODC and WHO stand ready to expand the initiative to other countries affected by opioid use disorders and opioid overdose related mortality, availing ready-to-use resources, including Training Manual, Take-Home-Naloxone-Kit specification, framework for planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation from the initial phase of SOS implementation
SACENDU plus SQM
The strengthening of the South African Community Epidemiology Network and Drug Use (SACENDU) surveillance system, which includes Service Quality Measures (SQM). The SACENDU surveillance system enables the continued identification of changes in the nature and extent of AOD (alcohol and drug use) use, including the emergence of new drug threats which include synthetic drugs. The SQM project which falls under the SACENDU umbrella is a performance measurement system which is aimed at improving the quality of South African substance misuse treatment services through the routine use of service quality measures (SQMs).
Want to Improve Women’s Substance Use Disorder Treatment in Your Country? Tailored Evidence-Based Technical Assistance through the Global Women’s Network
Scientific evidence shows that women respond best to a women-centered approach to treatment, onsite childcare, co-occurring disorder treatment, and trauma or sexual abuse counseling. Treatment programs should also provide women with skills, knowledge, and support to enable them to maintain their change in substance use behavior when they return to their homes and communities. This practical and evidence-based Technical Assistance program will help any program or country review its women's substance use disorder treatment access, programming, workforce and treatment outcomes. It will also provide tailored training, mentoring, and support to improve treatment access, treatment quality, and resulting treatment outcomes for women with substance use disorders.
Implementation of clinical guidelines to manage polysubstance use and comorbidity cases in primary care and specialized facilities
Stemming from the recommendations of CICAD's Demand Reduction Experts Group, this initiative aims to develop practical resources to identify and characterize polysubstance use to address the needs of people who consume either concurrent or sequential substance combinations. Additionally, the scope includes the management of cases that concurrently present drug use disorders and other mental health and organic conditions.
#NothingLess: UNODC Quality Assurance Initiative for Drug Use Disorder Treatment and Care and its impact on treatment outcomes
UNODC was mandated by the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) resolution 59/4 on the “Development and dissemination of international standards for the treatment of drug use disorders” and the most recent CND resolution 64/3 that calls for “Promoting scientific evidence-based, quality, affordable and comprehensive drug prevention, treatment, sustained recovery and related support services” to support UN Member States in their efforts to enhance the quality of drug use disorder treatment services and systems. In line with these mandates and the UNODC-WHO International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders (2020), the UNODC Quality Assurance (QA) Systems and Services toolkit was developed. Moreover, to align quality assurance efforts across different organizations, the “Quality assurance in treatment for drug use disorders: Key Quality Standards for service appraisal” were launched in 2021.
UNODC is supporting national decision makers in their efforts to review and improve local drug use disorder treatment and care systems and services, in line with the Standards. By fostering a culture of continuous drug use disorder treatment system/service assessment and enhancement, quality assurance contributes towards sustainable and ethical healthcare delivery for people in need, including for those using synthetic drug for non-medical purposes. To better understand the impact of quality assurance on drug use disorder treatment outcomes, UNODC has commissioned a scoping review and is suggesting further evaluation to identify which quality elements contribute in which way to desired outcomes of drug use disorder treatment.
Science-policy-practice - UNODC Policymakers Training on the Nature, Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug Use Disorders
The UNODC Policymakers Training on the Nature, Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug Use Disorders (DUDs) aims to support decisionmakers in developing policies and interventions targeted at preventing drug use and increasing access to comprehensive systems of care for people affected by DUDs, including synthetic DUDs. With the active participation of governmental institutions, universities, treatment centers, civil society organizations and professionals in the development of an action plan and respective follow-up, UNODC promotes an intersectoral and multidisciplinary response to towards the healthy and safe development of children and towards improving the lives of those affected by drug use disorders, in line with international standards.
Strengthening Quality in Substance Use Disorders Treatment through Technical Support
The provision of technical support to interested countries to assist in their efforts to improve the quality of substance use disorder (SUD) systems and treatment, as well as their Quality Assurance (QA) and evaluation efforts of their SUD treatment services.
Workforce Development Strengthening Drug Use Treatment Services
The Basic Level UTC consists of eight courses that cover the broad spectrum of addiction treatment. The content and methodology of the UTC training series is designed to ensure that addiction practitioners develop a balanced perspective of the principles relating to both the science and art of addiction treatment. Each course is intended to enhance the knowledge, skills and competencies of addiction professionals, as well as promote evidence-based practice for the enhancement of service delivery and treatment outcomes. Moreover, each course underwent the rigorous process of reviews to ensure the outstanding quality of content, as well as identify and address existing gaps prior to its application by training.
Enhancing Treatment Services for People who Use Substances [ENTRUST]
Considering that providing care for people facing drug use disorders imposes a heavy burden on public health systems and that there is a significant treatment gap worldwide, a specialized consultancy team will help countries design and implement a plan to carry out specific actions toward addressing the drug problem within the local dimension, based on the needs and opportunity areas identified through drug policy evaluation tools and resources like the Multilateral Evaluation Mechanism (MEM) that countries in the Americas utilize.
Strengthening rehabilitation, reintegration and recovery as part of UNODC’s global programmes on treatment and care of drug use disorders
Especially for people with substance use disorders associated with the use of often stronger synthetic drugs, long-term recovery can be a challenge and specific support needs to be availed. Sustained recovery management for people with drug use disorders is a core component of the UNODC/WHO International standards for the treatment of drug use disorders, describing it as “…a long-term process of increasing patients’ health and wellness, as well as supporting them in recovery from DUDs”. Elements of sustained recovery management can be access to housing, healthcare, social services, recovery peer networks, legal support, transportation, education and employment, empowerment for increased community participation and contribution, connection with faith-based and spiritual support, connection or reconnection with cultural practices, among other aspects of individual, local or cultural relevance.
The aim is to support people with drug use disorders with or without concomitating mental health disorders to manage their health condition, attain their highest standard of health, manage negative health and social consequences of drug use disorders and increase recovery capital in areas such as health, social connectedness, work and income, family and overall community participation, while reclaiming full, meaningful lives in their community.
To support Member States in their efforts to enhance access to rehabilitation, reintegration and sustained recovery management, UNODC PTRS aims at collecting of good practices, updating evidence available, sharing information between Member States, experts, civil society and people with lived experience and offer and offer capacity building for different audiences, including, policy makers, people with lived and living experience, family and community as well as different health and social professionals involved in the provision of recovery support.
Care in Crises: Addressing substance use disorders in humanitarian emergencies and among displaced populations
The numbers of people in need of humanitarian assistance and the numbers of displaced populations have reached a new record high in 2023. Considering the limited availability of information on substance use in humanitarian emergencies and the limited access to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and care services in humanitarian contexts, UNODC is promoting the provision of treatment and care to people with SUDs in humanitarian emergencies as an essential component humanitarian assistance. For that purpose, UNODC is building partnerships with humanitarian actors, conducting rapid assessments, working on the development and piloting of practical technical tools including training materials on addressing SUDs in humanitarian settings. With a view to enhance information on substance use disorder treatment needs as well as the development of feasible and effective strategies to provide live-saving care in acute and protracted humanitarian emergencies, UNODC supports humanitarian actors, host countries and vulnerable communities through technical guidance and services for affected populations.
Baseline study on the offer of academic programs in demand reduction in universities
This proposal aims to develop an analysis of the current situation on the offer of academic programs in drug demand reduction in universities and other educational service providers, which can provide a starting point for the establishment of cooperation programs and projects between universities and national and international organizations working on the issue of demand reduction.
Tele-mentoring program for clinical teams that provide treatment services.
A multidisciplinary specialized team of highly skilled tutors with clinical experience will conduct online mentoring sessions for the health workforce that deliver therapeutic interventions to people with substance use disorders. The tutors will also organize clinical case discussions using a teaching methodology based on the ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) model.
Implementation of the UNODC/WHO International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders
Implementation of the WHO/UNODC International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders at national level in all regions to promote evidence-based and ethical treatment and care for people with drug use disorders and help develop treatment systems that meet populations’ needs.
The “International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders” is a joint product of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) aimed to promote evidence-based and ethical treatment and care for people with drug use disorders and help develop treatment systems that meet populations’ needs. The Standards provide key principles for organizing treatment services for drug use disorders. They describe the main components of treatment systems, including treatment settings, modalities and interventions. Additionally, they include considerations for populations with special treatment and care needs.
UNODC and WHO developed the initial elements of the Standards in 2014 and released it as a draft for field-testing during the 2016 Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND). The 2016 United Nations General Assembly Special Session on Drugs (UNGASS) Outcome Document, as well as 2016 CND Resolution 59/4 on the “Development and dissemination of international standards for the treatment of drug use disorders” and CND Resolution 64/3 on “Promoting scientific evidence-based, quality, affordable and comprehensive drug prevention, treatment, sustained recovery and related support services“ reiterated the importance of disseminating the Standards, which have become an internationally agreed reference point for quality drug use disorder treatment, to further promote a balanced approach to drug policy and a health-centred approach to drug use disorders in a continuum of care.
WHO, working in collaboration with UNODC, field-tested the Standards to assess their comprehensiveness, appropriateness, utility, feasibility, and evaluation capability and identify areas for improvement. The field-testing was carried out in nine countries with different health systems. Over 1200 health professionals participated in the field-testing survey, while 43 experts from countries participating in the field-testing provided detailed feedback on the draft Standards. Additionally, 43 focus groups comprising over 300 participants discussed the Standards, which were also presented and discussed at multiple international forums. The revised edition incorporating results of the field-testing was launched during the Commission on Narcotic Drugs in March 2020.
One of the salient themes raised during the field testing of the Standards was related to the feasibility of their implementation in countries: about 40% of participants rated the Standards as “somewhat or not feasible” for the implementation. Extensive amount of information was collected on barriers for the implementation across different regions. Participating countries requested agencies to provide additional support to assure the feasibility of changes in services and system to be compliant with the Standards.
In response to requests from Member States, organizations, institutions and individuals for technical guidance, WHO and UNODC have developed a quality assurance toolkit to assist countries with the implementation of the Standards.
The quality assurance toolkit, together with the UNODC/WHO facility survey for substance use disorder treatment facilities and the upcoming full dissemination toolkit for the Standards (to be finalized in 2024), form a recommended package for countries interested in implementing the Standards.
Additional technical assistance is required for countries to fully implement the International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders at national and sub-national level and to evaluate the impact of such implementation on the treatment outcomes of people with drug use disorders.
Enhancing National and Global Capacities to Address Substance Use Disorders Among Adolescents
This initiative will provide capacity building and training for professionals working with adolescents with substance use disorders. Also, will work with regional and global experts to develop and implement guidelines and best practices for providing treatment for adolescents with SUDs at the national and local levels. Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) among adolescents poses unique challenges for nations and for the service providers tasked with overseeing SUD treatment and recovery programs. The Curriculum for Treating Adolescents with Substance Use Disorders was developed by CICAD by OAS/CICAD to build the capacities of drug prevention and treatment professionals who work with adolescents made vulnerable to substance use. This evidence-based curriculum introduces an approach to the treatment of adolescent substance use and presents the main factors that put youth at higher risk and vulnerability than other age groups.
Due to variations in developmental and emotional growth between adolescents and adults, the intricate needs of this demographic significantly differ from those of the conventional adult treatment population. Addressing these unique challenges requires specialized expertise and tailored guidance to optimize the effectiveness of SUD treatment and recovery programs specifically designed for adolescents.
Internship for healthcare professionals in treatment programs that deliver evidence-based clinical and psychosocial services.
To reinforce the clinical training of health professionals who provide treatment and recovery services to people with substance use disorders (SUD) and other health problems, a short active stay in the facilities of treatment programs that meet international quality standards will be organized.
Universal Treatment Curriculum for Substance Use Disorders (UTC)
The Basic Level UTC consists of eight courses that cover the broad spectrum of addiction treatment. The content and methodology of the UTC training series is designed to ensure that addiction practitioners develop a balanced perspective of the principles relating to both the science and art of addiction treatment. Each course is intended to enhance the knowledge, skills and competencies of addiction professionals, as well as promote evidence-based practice for the enhancement of service delivery and treatment outcomes. Moreover, each course underwent the rigorous process of reviews to ensure the outstanding quality of content, as well as identify and address existing gaps prior to its application by training.
Prerequisite for Participation:
- Training of Trainers (ToT): a) More than 5 years of experience in the field of treating individuals with substance use disorders; b) Over 2 years of experience in adult training/education; c) Availability and willingness to train others (replicas); d) Bachelor's or technical degree; Postgraduate, specialization/training (optional); e) Letter of intent to participate in the training replicas; f) Endorsement letter from the institution to which they belong, to participate in the training; g) Letter of intent to participate in the training replicas of UTC to treatment teams in the country.
- Implementers: a) Professional, technical, or non-professional currently working in a substance use disorder treatment program or recovery support services; b) Availability and willingness to implement what has been learned; c) Endorsement letter from the institution they belong to, to participate in the training.
#ScaleUp: Scalable interventions for the treatment and care of stimulant use disorders
#ScaleUp is an initiative of UNODC to identify scalable and effective interventions for the treatment and care of stimulant use disorders. In 2021, stimulants were the second most commonly used internationally controlled substance worldwide, with the cannabis being the first. The total number of people using drugs was approximately 296 million that year, marking a 23% increase over the past decade. Of these, an estimated 78 million people used stimulants annually, and notably nearly as many women have used synthetic stimulants than men. Stimulant use has led to a high demand for treatment, with notable variations across subregions: stimulants being a primary drug for 11% seeking treatment in Africa, 14% in Europe, 36% in the Americas, 42% in Oceania and 48% in Asia.
Despite the rising need for efficacious interventions, no medication has yet been approved for the treatment of stimulant use disorder to date. Additionally, the implementation of evidence-based psychosocial treatment such as contingency management, remains very limited for a variety of reasons.
There is an urgent need to bridge the global treatment gap for stimulant use disorders by rapidly disseminating and implementing scalable interventions. While some countries are advancing research on pharmacological treatments, a consensus on uniform treatment intervention and key outcome measures that align with regulatory requirements and the needs of affected populations is essential. UNODC is suggesting a multi-country study on combined psychosocial and pharmacological treatment of stimulant use disorder with a focus on feasibility, safety and effectiveness in different contexts, to strengthen the evidence base for scalable interventions benefitting different population groups and regions in an equitable way.
International Organization
- UNODC Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation Section
- UNODC Informal Research Collaboration on Treatment of Stimulant Use Disorders
Possible partners: Member States and national research institutes, professional organizations in the field of addiction medicine, Partner UN agencies
Strengthening capacity of the workforce in services for substance use disorders on identification and management of mental health conditions using updated WHO mhGAP Intervention Guide
Strengthening capacity of the workforce in services for substance use disorders on identification and management of mental health conditions using updated WHO mhGAP Intervention Guide and related materials (such as mhGAP Training Manual, mhGAP Community Toolkit, mhGAP Operations Manual, e-mhGAP Digital Tool)
Emergency Response Training for cases of acute intoxication with New Psychoactive Substances
This initiative targets health workers in emergency settings, focusing on the management of cases involving acute intoxication, with a special focus on New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). Primary objectives include enhancing the capacity of healthcare professionals to rapidly and effectively respond to emergencies related to the non-medical use of psychoactive substances, including potential NPS use. It seeks to fill critical gaps in emergency healthcare by providing specialized training on the identification, assessment, and immediate intervention for cases involving intoxication with emerging psychoactive substances. It furthermore provides guidance on how to provide ongoing care and link people that have experienced an acute intoxication with continuing services.
Addressing the health needs of people with synthetic drug use disorders through voluntary community-based services in Southeast Asia
The program focuses on advancing voluntary community-based services over compulsory treatment for individuals with synthetic drug use disorders. The initiative aims to enhance capacities, improve availability, ensure access, and elevate the quality of community-based services for people dealing with substance use issues. UNODC, together with the Ministries of Health, Drug Control Agencies and Civil Society will leverage the guidance documents and training toolkits for community-based treatment and care services to engage stakeholders constructively, through training, workshops, and dialogues to facilitate discussions on system strengthening, encompassing coverage, delivery, and service quality.
Building capacity of health and social services to deliver screening, brief interventions and referrals using WHO ASSIST technical package
Building capacity of health and social services to deliver screening, brief interventions and referrals using WHO ASSIST technical package, consisting of
- The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance involvement Screening Test (ASSIST);
- The ASSIST-linked brief intervention for hazardous and harmful substance use; and
- Guide for self-help strategies for cutting down or stopping substance use.
Brief Intervention Program for Adolescents who Use Alcohol and Other Drugs, PIBA [only available in Spanish]
PIBA is for adolescents between 12 and 18 years old who are presently studying, have experienced adverse consequences of substance use within the last six months, and do not have dependence symptoms. This evidence-based intervention, available in online and face-to-face formats and only in Spanish, comprises five serialized phases that rely on validated tools such as the POSIT questionnaire and techniques and approaches like motivational interviewing. At its core, the program focuses on six treatment sessions to address critical topics such as the adolescents' communication with those around them, the decision-making process with an emphasis on reflecting on the pros and cons, discussing substance use risk situations taking into consideration individualized risk factors, implementation of action plans and how to set life goals. The final part of the program includes follow-up with at least one session six months after finishing the intervention to evaluate long-term change.
Closing the gap – Increasing access for treatment of drug use disorders for women and girls and ensuring management of substance use disorders during pregnancy
This initiative aims to enhance the capacity of health and social workers, including in maternity services, to address substance use among pregnant women. Its main objectives include improving early identification, intervention, and support for pregnant women who use substances through capacity building of health care professionals, especially primary health care, emergency medicine professionals, obstetricians, gynecologists, neonatal care specialists, as well as specialists in substance use disorders treatment and social workers. The initiative seeks to fill gaps in current maternal healthcare by offering specialized training that focuses on evidence-based practices and a comprehensive understanding of the intersection between maternity care and substance use, including drug use disorders.
Strengthening Substance Use Disorder Treatment and Care through WHO’s Special Initiative for Mental Health
WHO Special Initiative for Mental Health is underway in nine countries across all WHO regions. The initiative focuses on two key strategies; advancing mental health policies, advocacy and human rights; and scaling up quality interventions and services for individuals with mental health conditions, including substance use disorders. This proposal aims to assist WHOs Special Initiative for Mental Health countries to increase coverage and improve the quality of treatment and care for people with substance use disorders.
Sub-Working Group 3.3 - Addressing Populations in Contact with the Criminal Justice System, including Alternatives to Incarceration
Development and Implementation of Gender-Sensitive Alternatives to Incarceration for drug-related offenses
Gender generally features in discussions on the drug problem. Still, few of the responses or interventions that tackle the consequences of drugs include tangible components and solutions that address gender imbalances in the criminal justice system. The program aims to foster an improved understanding of the gender dimensions in the criminal justice system by providing training, technical assistance, and expertise in developing and implementing alternatives to incarceration for low-level, drug-related offenses.
Optimizing Risk and Needs Assessment Tools for Enhanced Sentencing and Therapeutic Justice Programs in the Americas.
A key barrier to implementing ATIs is the lack of reliable information about individuals' specific backgrounds and their needs to allow officials to detect underlying factors, including but not limited to substance use disorders driving the alleged criminal behavior. To address this, ES-CICAD is developing and piloting a risk-needs assessment tool using the Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) theory. The RNR theory states that effective interventions should assess and target specific criminogenic risk factors, address the dynamic needs of individuals, and tailor interventions to the cognitive and learning styles of the participants. By incorporating these principles, the RNR model aims to enhance efficiency and foster better-informed interventions, thus reducing recidivism and promoting rehabilitation among offenders.
Adapt Risk and needs assessment tool for the smarter use of sentencing and drug treatment in Alternatives to Incarceration programming for the Americas
A key barrier to implementing ATIs is the lack of reliable information about individuals' specific backgrounds and their needs to allow officials to detect underlying factors, including but not limited to substance use disorders driving the alleged criminal behavior. To address this, ES-CICAD is developing and piloting a risk-needs assessment tool using the Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) theory. The RNR theory states that effective interventions should assess and target specific criminogenic risk factors, address the dynamic needs of individuals, and tailor interventions to the cognitive and learning styles of the participants. By incorporating these principles, the RNR model aims to enhance efficiency and foster better-informed interventions, thus reducing recidivism and promoting rehabilitation among offenders.
Addressing alternatives to incarceration through drug policy analysis and implementation in select Southeast Asian countries
The objective is to decongest and prevent recidivism for drug-related offences among people in prison. The current prison systems in the region of Southeast Asia are over-capacity, impacting prison conditions and rehabilitation effects of people with drug use disorders. This initiative will provide a model for evidence-based treatment interventions in low resource prison settings, while establishing opportunities for diversion from criminal justice systems.
Developing and Supporting ATI Systems and Networks
The International Consortium for Alternatives to Incarceration (ICATI) partners with countries, organizations, professionals, and sites to promote and support the global development and implementation of treatment and care as an alternative to incarceration, conviction, or punishment (ATI). This project extends across all phases of ATI development, from initial interest to action planning, and implementation of demonstration projects to ATI expansion. ICATI connects its members to the support, resources, and networks that allow us to do this work together.
Case Care Management programs supporting social integration of justice-involved individuals with substance use disorders based on gender, age, and specific needs in the Americas
Case Care Management is a model developed by ES-CICAD that supports the development and implementation of a multisystem approach, including justice, health, and public services. CCM interventions (adults and adolescents) support countries to identify and address the strengths and needs of justice-involved individuals with substance use disorders and support them in accessing services and opportunities towards their recovery and social integration. The CCM model is applicable and expandable to address gender, age, and specific needs of the justice-involved population in the country.
Development, Implementation and Expansion of Alternatives to Incarceration Programs in the Americas
Over the last two decades countries demonstrated increasing interest in models and good practices of alternatives to incarceration (ATI) for justice-involved individuals with substance use disorders from both a public health and public security perspective. The program aims to support countries providing training, technical assistance, and expertise in developing evidence-based ATI programs at different levels of the justice continuum.
From global policy to local implementation - UNODC Initiative on Treatment and Care for People with Drug Use Disorders in Contact with the Criminal Justice System
The Global initiative on Treatment and Care for People with Drug Use Disorders in Contact with the Criminal Justice System: Alternatives to Conviction or Punishment (ATI) was launched in 2016 by UNODC and WHO in response to Commission on Narcotic Drugs resolution 58/5 on “Supporting the collaboration of public health and justice authorities in pursuing alternative measures to conviction or punishment for appropriate drug-related offences of a minor nature”.
The worldwide prison population stands at 11.2 million individuals, and continues to increase despite severe challenges associated with prison overcrowding. Many people who use drugs have been in contact with the criminal justice system at some point of their lives and many people in the criminal justice system have a history of substance use. UNODC estimates that at pre-trial and trial stage of the criminal justice continuum, more people are in contact with the criminal justice system for personal use related offences than for drug-trafficking offences . For personal use related offences and other offences of a minor nature, committed by persons with drug use disorders, measures such as treatment and rehabilitation can be offered as complete alternatives to conviction or punishment, in line with the International Drug Control Conventions .
Such an approach aligns further with the UNODC-WHO International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders and the International Drug Control Conventions, the UN Standards Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners , the UN Standard Minimum Rules for Non-Custodial Measures , as well as the UN Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-Custodial Measures for Women Offenders, for which UNODC is the custodian.
At national level, ATI implementation follows the ICATI (International Consortium on ATI) lines of action, from pre-assessment, forming of a leadership group, capacity building, technical assistance and demonstration of enhanced health and justice coordination at national or sub-national level.
Global initiative on Accessible, Comprehensive and Quality Treatment for People with Drug Use Disorders and Associated Mental Health Disorders in Prison Settings
A solid majority of countries worldwide are still operating with overcrowded prisons and often even above 150% of the prison capacity. Currently, there are 11.2 million people in prisons globally . According to the World Drug Report 2017, drug use is higher in prison settings compared to the general population. High use of synthetic drugs such as synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic opioids, synthetic cathinones and new benzodiazepines have been reported in prison settings.
The work of UNODC on mental health and drug use disorder treatment in prison settings responds to resolution 61/7 on the Commission on Narcotic Drugs on “addressing drug problem” and the 2016 United Nations General Assembly Special Session on Drugs (UNGASS) Outcome Document , which suggests to “promote and strengthen regional and international cooperation in developing and implementing treatment-related initiatives (…), enhance technical assistance and capacity-building and ensure non-discriminatory access to a broad range of interventions, including psychosocial, behavioural and medication-assisted treatment, as appropriate and in accordance with national legislation, as well as to rehabilitation, social reintegration and recovery-support programmes, including access to such services in prisons and after imprisonment(…)”.
UNODC is the custodian of the United Nations Standards Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules), which highlight the need to provide “health-care service for the psychiatric treatment of all other prisoners who are in need of such treatment” and in many places highlights the needs for equitable access to health care, including mental health services and services for the treatment of drug use disorders.
As generally, access to health care services for people in prisons are limited globally, evidence-based treatment and care for people with drug use disorders in prison settings are even more so important. The importance of the provision of treatment of drug use disorders in prison settings as well as the integrated treatment of drug use disorders and related mental health disorders has furthermore been described in the UNODC/WHO International Standards for the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders.The global initiative is aiming to be implemented in all regions and UNODC stands ready to support countries in their efforts to strengthen quality and accessibility of drug use disorder treatment and care services for people with drug use and associated mental health disorders in prison settings. The overall objectives include to:
- Development of updated technical guidance and training materials (including online training) on accessible, evidence-based, comprehensive and quality treatment of drug use disorders for people with drug use and associated mental health disorders in prison settings for UN Member States and other stakeholders, including options for post-sentencing alternatives to incarceration and prison release
- Development, field-testing and dissemination of newly developed tool in this field
• Build communities of practice and networks of countries and service providers across countries for mutual support and to share good practices and lessons learnt on treatment services and care for people with drug use and associated mental health disorders in prison settings: Development of a mentoring network on effective treatment of drug use disorders in prison settings and upon release from prison - Enhance the capacity and coordination of health, law enforcement, legal and social actors and their respective institutions
- Continue global advocacy with UN Member States and civil society on the need for increased access to treatment of drug use disorders and other mental health disorders in prison settings
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Africa Union -
Caricom -
Colombo Plan -
Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) -
International Narcotics Control Board -
International Criminal Police Organization -
Organization of American States, Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) -
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) -
Pacific Island Forum (PIF) -
Pompidou Group -
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) -
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) -
Universal Postal Union -
World Customs Organization -
World Health Organization